Formation and branching patterns of deep palmar arch

Objective: The present study is to document and provide information about both normal and variable morphology of the deep palmar arch (DPA) in adult human cadavers by the dissection method. Materials and Methods: We examined 12 upper extremities (6 cadavers). After the classification of the vascular patterns of DPA and its branches, measurements of the vessel diameters were carried out using a digital compass. Results: Deep palmar arch was found as a completed arch (100%) in all cases. The anastomosis between the distal deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery (DPBUA) and the terminal branch of the radial artery (RA) was the most common type in our study. The incidence of the DPA was reported as a complete arch ranging from 54.9% to 100%. Palmar metacarpal arteries (MPAs) originating from the DPA were divided into four branches (25%) in three cases and three branches (75%) in nine cases. The mean diameter of the MPAs at the point of origin at the DPA was between 0.3 mm and 0.6 mm. Conclusion: A comprehensive understanding of the DPA branching diameters in the hand will facilitate surgical and radiological approaches and contribute to a constantly expanding knowledge base in literature.