Metabolomics in Biomarker Identification for Cardiovascular Diseases, Metabolomics and Clinical Approach

Abstract

Metabolomics is the systematic analysis of the particular chemical fingerprints of small molecules or metabolite profiles which are associated with a different cellular metabolic process in a cell, organ, or organism. Events in a cell are not described completely by messenger RNA gene expression data and proteomic analyses, but metabolic profiling supplies direct and indirect physiological insights, which can possibly be measurable in a broad range of biospecimens. Even though not specific to cardiac conditions, identification, confirmation, clinical validation, and bedside tests are a biomarker exploration path to translate metabolomics into cardiovascular biomarkers. Technological progress in metabolomic tools (such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry) and more complicated bioinformatics and analytical techniques help to evaluate low- molecular-weight metabolites in biospecimens and ultimately supply a unique insight into determined and novel metabolic pathways. Systematic metabolomics can provide physiological knowledge of cardiovascular disease states in addition to traditional profiling and can include the definition of metabolic reactions of an individual or population to therapeutic interventions or environmental exposures.